中国卷蛾寄蝇族新属新种记述(双翅目:寄蝇科)

本文记述中国寄蝇科卷蛾寄蝇族1新属2新种,模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所。1.象虫利索寄蝇Lixophaga dyscerae sp.nov.(图1) :复眼裸。额宽为复眼宽度的1/2。头部黑色,覆灰白色粉被。间额黑色,两侧缘向前方加宽,最窄处为侧额宽度的0.7倍。额鬃向头部中央交叉排列,一行5—6根,有3根额鬃下降至侧颜,最前方的一根达触角芒着生水平的略下方。内侧额鬃2根,前顶鬃1根,细小,外顶鬃毛状,与眼后鬃无区别。单眼鬃粗长,与后方的内侧额     

Commitment to the First Cortical Reorganization During Conjugation in Stylonychia mytilus: An Argument for Homology with Cortical Development During Binary Fission

The asexual nature of the first cortical reorganization of conjugation in Stylonychia was analyzed by comparing the effect of amputation performed at different stages of early conjugation to that performed on vegetative cells at different stages of the cell cycle. Amputation of vegetative cells delineated a point of commitment to binary fission at 0.51–0.57 of the cell cycle. Cells amputated before this point were induced to undergo the regenerative mode of asexual development, but those amputated after this point continued with binary fission. In parallel, during conjugation a similar commitment was made around the time of formation of tight mating-pairs: early conjugants amputated around this time might undergo regeneration, and those operated on after this stage continued with the first cortical reorganization as in typical conjugants. The two mates of a pair might differ in their response to amputation, suggesting that the timing of commitment to the first cortical reorganization is not related to the events of conjugation, but rather is individually determined in the vegetative cycle of the cells before they pair up in mating. These observations provide support for the notion that the first cortical reorganization of conjugants is homologous to the asexual mode of cortical development in dividers, according to the theory of developmental heterochrony in the sexual reproduction of hypotrichs. The timing of commitment to the first cortical reorganization was found to temporally correlate with the entrance of the micronuclei into meiosis. Since the first cortical reorganization can proceed without the micronucleus, this raises the possibility that initiation of micronuclear meiosis is closely coupled with, and may be determined by, the commitment to the first cortical reorganization.     

羊精子体外获能

本文发展了一种羊精子体外获能培养基——mTs或RSCM。羊精子在该培养基中(39℃.pH7.8和5％ CO_2,95％空气)预先培养7小时,可使大部分精子获能。获能精子呈现超激活运动,并可穿透去透明带仓鼠卵,穿透率分别为78.5±14.3％和96.7±2.3％,这种作用可被同种精浆逆转。获能精子与同种卵的受精率为83.3％。16个受精卵等量移入2只假孕兔输卵管壶腹部中。72小时后回收到12个胚胎。其中6个胚胎已发育为4—8细胞阶段,将这些细胞等量移入2只受体母羊输卵管壶腹部。其中1只妊娠,并维持到2个月之久。     

吉林省杨树蛀干害虫的三种姬小蜂天敌(膜翅目:小蜂总科, 姬小蜂科)

1986年,原吉林省林业生防中心站(现为吉林省林业科学研究所)同中国科学院动物研究所合作,对吉林省杨树蛀千害虫的寄生蜂资源进行了开发利用研究。本文是该项研究成果的第一篇报道,记述了三种姬小蜂天敌,包括寄生白杨透翅蛾的透翅蛾黑姬小蜂Elachertus nigritulus(Zett.)和寄生杨窄吉丁的一新种丽凹面姬小蜂 Eniedon epicharisHuang及一新记录种 Eniedon zanara Walker。其它研究成果将陆续报道。     

大鼠尾壳核衰老变化定量分析：Ⅱ.多巴胺（DA）系统

本实验结果表明:衰老大鼠(26—27月龄)尾壳核多巴胺(DA)神经末梢膨体较成年组(3—4月龄)明显减少,而单个膨体内DA含量较成年组显著增多,提示纹状体DA系统在衰老过程中可能具有一定的代偿机制。本文对其意义进行了讨论。     

FXR在胃粘膜肠化生及胃癌中的表达及其意义研究

目的:研究FXR在胃炎,胃粘膜肠化生及胃癌组织中的表达,分析其在胃癌发生中的意义。方法:采用免疫组化方法检测FXR在55例胃炎组织,61例胃黏膜肠化生组织及61例胃癌组织中的表达,利用统计学方法 SPSS17.0软件分析其在三种组织中的表达变化,结合文献回顾,分析FXR在胃癌发生中的意义。结果:FXR在胃黏膜肠化生中的表达明显高于胃炎组织(P0.05),而在胃癌组织中,FXR的表达显著低于胃粘膜肠化生组织(P0.05)。结论:FXR是一个潜在的胃癌发生生物标记物,其具体机制有待于进一步探索。     

长裙竹荪抑菌活性物质的分离纯化及其抑菌效果

长裙竹荪Dictyophora indusiata是珍贵的食药用真菌,具有很强的抑菌作用,在天然防腐剂开发方面具有广阔的应用前景。本研究以长裙竹荪的抑菌活性为指标,通过萃取、3次不同流动相的硅胶柱层析、1次反相柱层析和薄层层析法对竹荪提取物进行分离纯化,得到一个抗菌活性强的单体化合物。根据核磁共振波谱等数据分析,推断该化合物为间苯三酚。以巨大芽孢杆菌和肠炎沙门氏菌为供试菌,用平板打孔法及原位抑菌法测定该化合物的抑菌效果,结果表明：该化合物对这两种菌有很强的抑制作用,半抑制浓度分别为83.06μg/mL和51.58μg/mL。本研究首次从长裙竹荪中获得具有抗菌活性的单体化合物间苯三酚,为竹荪天然抗菌物质的开发提供理论依据。     

紫叶小檗刺的形态与发生——对小檗属植物刺的重新认识

针对目前人们对小檗属植物刺的来源存在不同见解,本研究通过实体解剖及石蜡切片技术,以紫叶小檗为代表研究小檗属植物刺的形态和发生,结果表明,紫叶小檗的刺均为叶刺,而非茎刺,明确了小檗属的刺为叶的变态。